The Byzantine Empire, also
referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the
continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late
Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople
(modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium). It survived
the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th
century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until
it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. During most of its existence, the
empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in
Europe. Both "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" are
historiographical terms created after the end of the realm; its citizens
continued to refer to their empire simply as the Roman Empire (Greek:
Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia Rhōmaiōn; Latin: Imperium Romanum), or
Romania, and to themselves as "Romans".Wikipedia
Byzantine art
Byzantine art refers to the body of
Christian Greek artistic products of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine)
Empire, as well as the nations and states that inherited culturally from
the empire. Though the empire itself emerged from Rome's decline and
lasted until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the start date of the
Byzantine period is rather clearer in art history than in political
history, if still imprecise. Many Eastern Orthodox states in Eastern
Europe, as well as to some degree the Muslim states of the eastern
Mediterranean, preserved many aspects of the empire's culture and art
for centuries afterward.
A number of states contemporary with the
Byzantine Empire were culturally influenced by it, without actually
being part of it (the "Byzantine commonwealth"). These included the Rus,
as well as some non-Orthodox states like the Republic of Venice, which
separated from the Byzantine empire in the 10th century, and the Kingdom
of Sicily, which had close ties to the Byzantine Empire and had also
been a Byzantine possession until the 10th century with a large
Greek-speaking population persisting into the 12th century. Other states
having a Byzantine artistic tradition had oscillated throughout the
Middle Ages between being part of the Byzantine empire and having
periods of independence, such as Serbia and Bulgaria. After the fall of
the Byzantine capital of Constantinople in 1453, art produced by Eastern
Orthodox Christians living in the Ottoman Empire was often called
"post-Byzantine." Certain artistic traditions that originated in the
Byzantine Empire, particularly in regard to icon painting and church
architecture, are maintained in Greece, Cyprus, Serbia, Bulgaria,
Romania, Russia and other Eastern Orthodox countries to the present day.
Wikipedia
|
Hagia Sophia |
|
Hagia Sophia |
|
Walls of Theodosius |
|
Walls ofConstantinople |
|
St Mark's Basilica in Venice |
|
Hagia Sophia in Constantinople – the image of Christ Pantocrator |
|
Konstantyn |
|
Comnenus mosaics Hagia Sophia |
|
Mosaic of Justinianus - Basilica San Vitale (Ravenna) |
|
|
Mosaic of Justinianus - Basilica San Vitale (Ravenna) |
|
Menologion of Basil II |
|
Unidentified military man |
|
Portrait of the military man Onesiphorus |
No comments:
Post a Comment